A gestão da informação científica e da comunicação na capital da tecnologia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A divulgação da informação científica no rádio

No mundo, a fase atual pode ser caracterizada de sociedade do conhecimento na era da informação. A prática científica está associada a um ordenamento socio-politico-econômico, logo é justificável o porquê dos questionamentos na prática científica ser uma constante, em virtude das alterações ou modificações dos meios de controles científicos. A comunicação social por meio dos programas radiofônicos sobre divulgação de informações científicas pode ser funcionar como um instrumento de instrução ou de educação, algo que possivelmente estimule o gosto do público pela cultura científica. A evolução da tecnologia radiofônica, em sintonia com a informática e a microeletrônica, proporcionou as condições de produção direcionadas para a criação tanto de programas de caráter cultural educativo e científico como também para a criação de programas populares visando lazer diversão. O presente trabalho discorre sobre re-organização da emissora de rádio enquanto empresa que, atualmente, deve planejar técnica e administrativamente sempre que necessário visando melhorar as condições de produções de programas radiofônicos para a transmissão da informação científica.

Destaque da produção científica brasileira em odontologia no cenário mundial e a influência no comportamento informacional do profissional cirurgião-dentista

The brazilian research in the field of dentistry stand on the world stage, this article examines the relationship of scientific information produced and its influence on information behavior of dentists who need to constantly update their clinical practice. The method used consists in a survey of the bibliometric indicators in the field of dentistry in SCimago published from 1996 to 2009 and a literature review of articles dealing with the thematic information and scientific communication in the field of dentistry in Brazil that are related to issues relevant for analyzing the dentist’s information behavior, such as most read journals, scientific information in the clinical practice, among others.

A divulgação da informação científicva no rádio

This paper discusses re-organization of the radio station as a company that currently is technically and administratively plan whenever necessary to improve the conditions of production of radio programs for the transmission of scientific information.

Avaliação dos efeitos citotóxicos, genotóxicos, mutagênicos, antigenotóxicos, antimutagênicos e anticarcinogênicos do Lupinus albus em camundongos Mus musculus

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudo cardiorrespiratório comparativo da anestesia geral inalatória com o sevofluorano em cadela não-gestantes e no terço final da gestação, pré-tratados com acepromazina e propofol

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Gestão do conhecimento em bibliotecas universitárias: análise de experiências no Brasil e em Portugal

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Calagem, adubação e nutrição mineral de Anonáceas

Among the edaphic factors, those related to acidity are the ones that affect productivity, especially in tropical regions. For culture the Annonaceae, no research results that indicate the proper base saturation, nor the determination of doses, times, application methods and sources of nutrients for orchards Annonaceae in training and production in order to promote sustainability and higher yields. Given the importance and potential of commercial exploitation of Annonaceae in Brazil and, considering the limited available scientific information on liming, fertilization and nutrition of fruit plants of this family, some research has to be carried out urgently due to the effects of nutrients on productivity, fruit quality, post-harvest, tolerance to pests and diseases, etc.

Padrões de busca e uso de artigos científicos: um estudo com pós-graduandos em educação brasileiros

This article presents part of a larger study on the use of reference sources to perform bibliographical search by graduate students in Education. Data relating to the use of the scientific journals by these students are presented and discussed. Sixty Education graduate students, 28 Master degree and 32 Doctoral, answered an electronic questionnaire. The students indicated the types of articles usually read and the importance attributed to each one. For each of treated themes in the electronic questionnaire, data are initially presented and analyzed in the set of the 60 participants of the study and then compared between master and doctoral students. Were used the Chi-squared (?2) test, the Fisher exact test and the Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Research reports were more frequently pointed out but less valued in comparison to articles referring to critical review and theoretical essay. Methodological articles, appearing in fourth position according to reading frequency and importance attributed, are more valued by doctoral than master students. The students read these articles using different procedures. The possible reasons for the students valorizing the articles of critical review and theoretical essays are discussed. The present study intends to offer a contribution to understand the use of scientific information by students, describing some graduate students’ habits related to information seeking in scientific journals, and reading of the articles published.

Jornalismo científico no Brasil: uma abordagem histórica

O prestígio da ciência e da tecnologia, reforçada pela visão racionalista e cientificista – inaugurada com Revolução Científica e posteriormente corroborada no século XVII pela geração Iluminista de filósofos e cientistas – é hoje um dos fatores determinantes do desenvolvimento econômico de uma nação. Estando os resultados desse progresso científico-tecnológico presentes atualmente no cotidiano mais íntimo da população, são também determinantes do perfil social e cultural da mesma. A mídia, responsável pela disseminação de informações em geral, deve atuar diretamente na proliferação da informação científica para a população não acadêmica não apenas informando, mas incitando à critica e colaborando para a crescente democratização da atividade científica. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo traçar o perfil histórico da presença da Ciência na Mídia impressa brasileira, através de uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o assunto. Para isso, fez-se um apanhado geral do estabelecimento das atividades jornalística e científica no país – inicialmente separadas e posteriormente atreladas – contextualizando-as no panorama mundial e comparando especificamente a atividade do Jornalismo Científico com outras iniciativas internacionais semelhantes

Comportamento informacional de profissionais no domínio da saúde: um estudo junto ao Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da Universidade de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação - FFC

Diretrizes de conduta e tratamento de síndromes febris periódicas associadas à criopirina (Criopirinopatias–CAPS)

To establish guidelines based on cientific evidences for the management of cryopyrin associated periodic syndromes. The Guideline was prepared from 4 clinical questions that were structured through Pico (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation. 1215 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 42 articles were selected to support the recommendations. 1. The diagnosis of Caps is based on clinical history and clinical manifestations, and later confirmed by genetic study. Caps may manifest itself in three phenotypes: FCAS (mild form), MWS (intermediate form) and Cinca (severe form). Neurological, ophthalmic, otorhinolaryngological and radiological assessments may be highly valuable in distinguishing between syndromes; 2. The genetic diagnosis with NLRP3 gene analysis must be conducted in suspected cases of Caps, i.e., individuals presenting before 20 years of age, recurrent episodes of inflammation expressed by a mild fever and urticaria; 3. Laboratory abnormalities include leukocytosis and elevated serum levels of inflammatory proteins; 4. Targeted therapies directed against interleukin-1 lead to rapid remission of symptoms in most patients. However, there are important limitations on the long-term safety. None of the three anti-IL-1β inhibitors prevents progression of bone lesions.

Diretrizes de conduta e tratamento de síndromes febris periódicas: síndrome de febre periódica, estomatite aftosa, faringite e adenite

To establish guidelines based on scientific evidence for the management of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome. The Guideline was prepared from 5 clinical questions that were structured through PICO (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation. 806 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 32 articles were selected to support the recommendations. 1. PFAPA is a diagnosis of exclusion established on clinical grounds, and one must suspect of this problem in children with recurrent and periodic febrile episodes of unknown origin, or with recurrent tonsillitis interspersed with asymptomatic periods, especially in children in good general condition and with preservation of weight and height development; 2. Laboratory findings are nonspecific. Additional tests do not reveal pathognomonic changes; 3. The evidence supporting an indication for surgical treatment (tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy), is based on two non-blinded randomized clinical trials with small numbers of patients; 4. The use of prednisone at the onset of fever in patients with PFAPA proved to be an effective strategy. There is still need for more qualified evidence to support its use in patients with PFAPA; 5. Despite promising results obtained in studies with IL-1ß inhibitors, such studies are limited to a few case reports.

Guidelines for the management and treatment of periodic fever syndromes Familial Mediterranean Fever

To establish guidelines based on scientific evidence for the management of familial Mediterranean fever. The Guideline was prepared from 5 clinical questions that were structured through PICO (Patient, Intervention or indicator, Comparison and Outcome), to search in key primary scientific information databases. After defining the potential studies to support the recommendations, these were graduated considering their strength of evidence and grade of recommendation. 10,341 articles were retrieved and evaluated by title and abstract; from these, 46 articles were selected to support the recommendations. 1. The diagnosis of FMF is based on clinical manifestations, characterized by recurrent febrile episodes associated with abdominal pain, chest or arthritis of large joints; 2. FMF is a genetic disease presenting an autosomal recessive trait, caused by mutation in the MEFV gene; 3. Laboratory tests are not specific, demonstrating high serum levels of inflammatory proteins in the acute phase of the disease, but also often showing high levels even between attacks. SAA serum levels may be especially useful in monitoring the effectiveness of treatment; 4. The therapy of choice is colchicine; this drug has proven effectiveness in preventing acute inflammatory episodes and progression towards amyloidosis in adults; 5. Based on the available information, the use of biological drugs appears to be an alternative for patients with FMF who do not respond or are intolerant to therapy with colchicine.

Odontologia baseada em evidências: otimizando a prática e a pesquisa

Clinical decisions in dentistry are often based on the knowledge obtained during graduation, clinical experience, information shared with colleagues and professor, textbooks, seminars, conferences and continuing education courses. However, it is necessary to know if this information is derived from scientifically validated researches since too much information may complicate this process. Initially in medicine and later in other health areas a method which enables a critical evaluation of scientific papers related to a specific issue and also, whenever it is possible, an evaluation of the results by meta-analysis,was developed by Cochrane in order to reduce the bias towards all information obtained. The aim of this work is to present some aspects of the Evidence Based Dentistry (EBD) and to show how this methodology can be used to better substantiate scientifically the clinical decision of the dentist and improve researches design with scientific validity. The paper discusses editorial trends focused on the EBD, shows the differences between a systematic and a conventional review, describes data about Cochrane and the advantages of scientific evidence synthesis and the implications of EBD for clinical practice and research as well as recommendation grades and evidence levels of general scientific studies.